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Interactive Grammar: Formal Connectors

Use formal connectors and transitional phrases for academic essays and professional writing.

Grammar Explanation · Authentic Examples · Practice Exercises

Lesson progressNot started
Duration
~36 min
Exercises
24
Level
Upper Intermediate

Overview

Use formal connectors and transitional phrases for academic essays and professional writing.

Categories

  • Contrasthowever, nevertheless, on the other hand, by contrast
  • Additionfurthermore, in addition, what is more, additionally
  • Cause/Resulttherefore, consequently, as a result, for this reason
  • Concessionadmittedly, granted, while it is true that

Placement Rules

  • Sentence-initial: Furthermore, the report confirms the findings.
  • Mid-sentence: The report therefore confirms the findings.
  • After semicolon: Sales fell; consequently, staff were cut.
  • Use a comma after sentence-initial connectors.

Common Mistakes

  • Furthermore he was late and he forgot → ✅ add comma: Furthermore, he was late…
  • ❌ Using 'so' in formal writing → prefer therefore / consequently
  • Consequently used for contrast → it means result, not contrast

When to use

Academic essays

The data is limited. Furthermore, the sample is small.

Business writing

Costs rose. Consequently, prices were adjusted.

Reports

On the other hand, customer satisfaction improved.

Arguments

Admittedly, there are drawbacks to this approach.

Multiple Choice: Formal Connectors

Select the correct formal connector for each context

Multiple Choice10 questions
1The report is unclear. , further analysis is needed.
2Costs increased significantly. , profits fell.
3The plan seems viable. , there are risks.
4The evidence is strong; , we recommend action.
5Three factors contributed, staffing, budget, and time.
6 costs rose, revenue also increased.
7The outcome was poor. , lessons were learned.
8Which is the most formal alternative to 'also'?
9Which connector signals a contrasting concession?
10She is qualified; , she has relevant experience.

Fill in the Blanks

Complete with: furthermore / consequently / that said / therefore / namely / admittedly / nonetheless / moreover

Fill in the Blanks8 questions
1The study is small.(addition), the findings are significant.
2Two teams failed,(specify), Design and Development.
3The risk is high.(result), extra insurance is required.
4The design is flawed.(addition), the timeline is unrealistic.
5The cost is high.(concede+cont), the quality justifies it.
6(concede), the approach has some weaknesses.
7The evidence is conclusive;(result), action must be taken.
8The plan is efficient.(add+emphasis), it is cost-effective.

Upgrade to Formal Connector

Replace the informal word with a formal equivalent shown in brackets

Transform6 questions

1The data is weak, so we can't conclude. (therefore)

2It's expensive and it's slow. (furthermore)

3He failed, but he tried again. (nonetheless)

4Three teams competed: Red, Blue, and Green. (namely)

5It's a good plan, but there are risks. (that said)

6Sales rose; also, customer ratings improved. (moreover)

Frequently Asked Questions

What does this lesson on sentence structure cover?

Use formal connectors and transitional phrases for academic essays and professional writing.

Which CEFR level is this lesson designed for?

This lesson is designed for Upper Intermediate (B2) learners and forms part of the Sentence Structure section on Grammartier.

What is the best approach for studying this grammar topic?

Start with the definition, then study the examples carefully to understand how the pattern works in context. Practise identifying the structure in authentic sentences before producing your own — this recognition-first approach builds a strong foundation for accurate, confident use.

Your Grammar Learning Path

Follow the CEFR progression for this topic cluster.

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